Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 21 Feb 2008

A New Species of Hypsiboas from The Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae)

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Page Range: 179 – 190
DOI: 10.1643/CH-06-163
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Abstract

We describe a new species of Hypsiboas of the Hypsiboas pulchellus species group from highland streams of the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. Vocalizations, egg-mass, and tadpole are also described. We compared the new species with other species of the Hypsiboas pulchellus species group. The new species is most similar to Hypsiboas semiguttatus, its sister species, and Hypsiboas curupi, from which it differs in advertisement call and larval morphology. We provide information on natural history, phylogenetic relationships, embryos, geographic distribution, and conservation.

Copyright: 2008 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Figure 1
Figure 1

Hypsiboas caipora. Holotype (CFBH 7312)—adult male in life.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Hypsiboas caipora. Holotype (CFBH 7312). (A) Head in dorsal view; (B) head in lateral view; (C) left hand in ventral view; (D) left foot in ventral view.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Variation in dorsal coloration patterns of Hypsiboas caipora. (A) Uniform; (B) with sinuous dark brown lines on the dorsolateral region; (C–F) with dark brown spots and/or stripes, concentrated on head, vertebral, and/or dorsolateral region; (G–J) ornamented with asymmetrical dark brown blotches; and (K–L) almost all dark brown dorsum with beige to light brown blotches.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Spectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of the vocalizations of Hypsiboas caipora. (A) Single advertisement call (December 2003; air temperature 20°C); (B) complex advertisement call (August 2003; air temperature 4°C); (C) single and complex territorial calls (November 2004; air temperature 19.5°C); and (D) distress calls (October 2004; air temperature 13°C). Graphics in the same scale, except the scale of frequency in D.

Figure 5
Figure 5

Tadpole of Hypsiboas caipora in stage 28. (A) Lateral view; (B) dorsal view; (C) ventral view; and (D) oral disc.

Figure 6
Figure 6

Geographic distribution of Hypsiboas caipora: (bold circle) type locality and (empty circles) other two populations.

Figure 7
Figure 7

One of the two most parsimonious trees (length 4365 steps) resulting from the phylogenetic analysis of the Hypsiboas pulchellus species group. Arrow points to the only difference between the two most parsimonious trees, the alternative placement of H. leptolineatus. Black circles indicate nodes recovered in the quick consensus estimation (see text). Numbers above nodes are Bremer supports; numbers below are Parsimony Jackknife frequencies. Asterisks indicate Parsimony Jackknife frequencies of 100%. Branch lengths proportional to number of transformations; not all loci are available for all terminals. The species Hypsiboas sp. has recently been described as Hypsiboas curupi by Garcia et al. (2007).

Contributor Notes

Section Editor: M. J. Lannoo.

1 Laboratório de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, I. B., Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av 24a, 1515 Jardim Bela Vista 13506-900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil, Cx. Postal 199, e-mail: (APA) aapardalis@gmail.com. Send reprint requests to APA.
2 Division Herpetologia, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia, ” CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
3 Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Herpetology), American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024
Received: 10 Jul 2006
Accepted: 04 Sept 2007
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