Ptilichthys goodei Bean, 1881. (A) Illustration of holotype from Goode and Bean (1896:Fig. 304). (B) Photograph of holotype (USNM 26619, est. 155 mm SL)

Ptilichthys goodei. (A) Head of adult alcohol specimen (UW 027210, 294 mm SL) in lateral view, showing prominent fleshy protuberance of lower jaw. (B) X-ray of specimen shown in A. (C) Caudal filament of a juvenile alcohol specimen (FMNH 80675, 136 mm SL) in lateral view. Anterior facing left in all

Illustrations of the adult osteology of Ptilichthys goodei, redrawn, relabeled, and rearranged from Makushok (1958). (A) Dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) lateral, and (D) posterior views of skull roof and braincase. (E) Lateral view of pectoral girdle. (F) Lateral view of caudal skeleton and fin. Stipple indicates unossified portions. No lengths for the specimen(s) were provided by Makushok (1958), although he did indicate that the length of the skull was 11 mm (although likely, it is unclear if the illustrations of the other portions of the skeleton were drawn from the same individual). A, B, C, and D from Makushok (1958:Fig. 82); E from Makushok (1958: Fig. 81); F from Makushok (1958:Fig. 80). Note that we did not find an intercalar or a pterosphenoid in our specimens. Abbreviations: asp = autosphenotic, bl = Baudelot's ligament, bo = basioccipital, cl = cleithrum, co = coracoid, epo = epioccipital, exo = exoccipital, fr = frontal, ic = intercalar, let = lateral ethmoid, met = mesethmoid, pa = parietal, pas = parasphenoid, pro = prootic, pt = postemporal, pto = pterotic, pts = pterosphenoid, ra = radial, sc = scapula, scl = supracleithrum, soc = supraoccipital, socn = supraorbital sensory canal, v = vomer

Skull roof and neurocranium of a juvenile specimen of Ptilichthys goodei, FMNH 112919 (119 mm SL). (A) Dorsal, (B) lateral, and (C) ventral views; anterior facing left. Cartilages shown in black. Cartilages of ethmoid region based on FMNH 113542 and, except for the rostral cartilage, are shown only in lateral view. Abbreviations: asp = autosphenotic, bo = basioccipital, con = exoccipital portion of the occipital condyle, epo = epioccipital, exo = exoccipital, fr = frontal, hyfa = anterior articulatory surface of the hyomandibular, hyfp = posterior articulatory surface of the hyomandibular, let = lateral ethmoid, met = mesethmoid, n = nasal, pa = parietal, pas = parasphenoid, pro = prootic, pto = pterotic, rc = rostral cartilage, soc = supraoccipital, socn = supraorbital sensory canal, v = vomer

Left suspensorium of a juvenile specimen of Ptilichthys goodei, FMNH 112919 (119 mm SL). (A) Lateral (anterior facing left), and (B) medial (anterior facing right) views. Note that the palatine in this specimen is displaced ventrally. Abbreviations: ang-ar = anguloarticular, cm = coronomeckelian, d = dentary, ecp = ectopterygoid, h = hyomandibular, iop = interopercular, lac = lacrimal, mc = Meckel's cartilage, mpt = metapterygoid, mx = maxilla, op = opercle, pl = palatine, pmx = premaxilla, pop = preopercular, q = quadrate, rar = retroarticular, sop = subopercle, sym = symplectic

Ventral gill arches and right ventral hyoid arch of a juvenile specimen of Ptilichthys goodei, FMNH 112919 (119 mm SL). (A) Dorsal (= oral) and (B) ventral views; anterior facing left. Abbreviations: bb = basibranchial, bh = basihyal, br = branchiostegal, cb = ceratobranchial, cha = anterior ceratohyal, chp = posterior ceratohyal, gr = gill rakers, hb = hypobranchial, hhd = dorsal hypohyal, hhv = ventral hypohyal, ihy = interhyal, uh = urohyal

Dorsal gill arches of a juvenile specimen of Ptilichthys goodei, FMNH 112919 (119 mm SL) in (A) ventral (= oral), and (B) dorsal views; anterior facing left. Abbreviations: eb = epibranchial, iph = infrapharyngobranchial, pht = pharyngeal teeth

Post-cranial axial skeleton of Ptilichthys goodei. (A) Anterior vertebrae and dorsal fin elements of a juvenile specimen. (B) Abdominal and caudal vertebrae, and dorsal and anal fin elements of a juvenile specimen. (C) Caudal vertebrae and dorsal and anal fin elements of a juvenile specimen. (D) Terminal caudal vertebrae of a juvenile specimen. (E) Anterior vertebrae of an adult specimen showing elongate anterior intermuscular bones (first is associated with c2; first ribs associated with c6). (F) Abdominal vertebrae and dorsal fin supports of an adult specimen. (G) Caudal vertebrae and dorsal and anal fin supports of an adult specimen. All are shown in lateral view with anterior facing left. A–D, FMNH 112919 (119 mm SL); E–G, UW 16753 (204 mm SL). Abbreviations: afr = anal fin ray, c = abdominal centrum, cc = caudal centrum, cfr = caudal fin ray, dfr = dorsal fin ray, dfsp = dorsal fin spine, dr = distal radial, ha = haemal arch, hs = haemal spine, imb = intermuscular bone, na = neural arch, ns = neural spine, pp = parapophyses, pr = proximal radial, r = rib, snafr = supernumerary anal fin ray, sndfs = supernumerary dorsal fin spine

Left pectoral girdle and fin supports of a juvenile specimen of Ptilichthys goodei, FMNH 113542 (124 mm SL) in lateral view. Note that the pectoral fin rays have been omitted. Anterior facing left. Abbreviations: cl = cleithrum, co = coracoid, dr = distal radial, pt = postemporal, ra = radial, rap = radial plate, sc = scapula, scl = supracleithrum, sc-co = scapulocoracoid cartilage