Review of Nine Species of North Atlantic Eustomias, Subgenus Dinematochirus (Pisces: Stomiidae), with the Description of Two New Species
Fourteen species of Eustomias with two pectoral fin rays and short, branched barbels have been described from the North Atlantic, most of them based on single specimens. All but six of these nomimal species have at one time or another been placed in the synonymy of one of the others. Examination of many more specimens indicates that 11 of the 14 are valid species. Two of these have been reviewed previously. Of the nine considered here, Eustomias bigelowi, E. fissibarbis, E. macronema, E. satterleei, and E. schmidti are each represented by numerous specimens from throughout much of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific. Eustomias binghami, E. paucifilis, E. silvescens, and E. triramis, some still represented by only one or a few specimens, are apparently confined to restricted areas of the North Atlantic. Two new species are described: E. borealis from the North Atlantic and E. curtifilis from the South Atlantic.Abstract
Lateral views of barbels of Eustomias bigelowi. (A) USNM 261306, 158 mm SL, female with relatively small terminal bulb and long lateral branches and terminal filaments, from near Bermuda. (B) USNM 322659, 125 mm SL, male with slender branches and well-developed medial terminal filaments, from near Hawaii. (C) USNM 317495, 103 mm SL, male with stout medial branch and less developed medial terminal filaments, from near Hawaii. Scale bars equal 5 mm
Locations of capture of Eustomias bigelowi, E. curtifilis, E. macronema, and E. satterleei in the Atlantic Ocean. Large star at 21°S, 30°W indicates capture of all four species. Large triangle at 32°30′N, 64°W indicates capture of all except E. curtifilis near Bermuda
Locations of capture of Eustomias binghami, E. borealis, E. paucifilis, E. silvescens, and E. triramis in the North Atlantic Ocean. Large triangle at 32°30′N, 64°W indicates capture of E. binghami, E. borealis, and E. paucifilis near Bermuda
Lateral views of barbels, with dorsal views of terminal bulbs, of (A) Eustomias paucifilis, USNM 261280, 139 mm SL, female; (B) E. borealis, holotype, USNM 261281, 138 mm SL, male; and (C) E. curtifilis, holotype, ISH 714-1966, 166 mm SL, female. Scale bars equal 5 mm
Lateral views of barbels of (A) Eustomias satterleei, USNM 322170, 177 mm SL, female from near Hawaii with relatively “normal” branches and a single terminal filament; (B) E. satterleei, USNM 317495, 69 mm SL, unsexed juvenile from near Hawaii with very simple branches, a reduced bulb and multiple terminal filaments; (C) E. triramis, MCZ 60361, 108 mm SL, female; (D) E. macronema, USNM 322629, 129 mm SL, male. Scale bars equal 5 mm